Peritoneal cavity scintigraphy involves intraperitoneal administration of Tc-99m sulfur colloid followed by promoting dispersion of the tracer through out the intraperitoneal cavity by rolling the patient from side to side and, thereafter, acquiring images in anterior and lateral projections and subsequently a transmission scan for better localization.  SPECT and/or SPECT/CT may also be helpful.

Peritoneal cavity scintigraphy is indicated for assessing direct communication between the peritoneal cavity and an extraperitoneal fluid collection (e.g., pleural effusion, hydrocele) and for evaluating the intraperitoneal distribution of tracer before intracavitary chemotherapy or radionuclide therapy of peritoneal malignancies in order to avoid excessive local chemotherapy concentrations or radiation doses in cases of loculations from intraperitoneal adhesions.

Peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis is a rare, malignant, intra-abdominal neoplasm that produces large amounts of mucin. Patients typically present with diffuse peritoneal disease. After surgical treatment, multiple locoregional recurrences are common [1].

Maximum cytoreductive surgery followed by consolidated intraperitoneal chemotherapy has emerged as a promising and potentially curative treatment option for patients with peritoneal dissemination of appendiceal mucinous tumors [2].

For these therapeutic approaches to be successful there must be free distribution of the therapeutic agent throughout the peritoneal cavity, maximizing contact of the agent with the tumor.

Single-photon emission computed tomography SPECT of the peritoneal cavity is a useful adjunct to planar imaging by adding spatial detail of anatomic areas impossible to resolve on planar images, and allowing for the visualization of the complexity of the peritoneal space [3].